BASIC I
UNIT 1: PERSONAL INFORMATION
LESSON 1: How do you say hello?
GREETING (ˈɡriːtɪŋ)
The act or an instance of welcoming or saluting on meeting. An expression of friendly salutation.
Shaking Hands: when meeting someone formally for the first time, we shake their hand and say “How do you do?” or “Pleased to meet you.”
“ How do you do?” isn't really a question, it just means “Hello”.
When young people meet informally they sometimes say “Give me five” and slap their hands together (high five).
Informal greetings: the most common way of greeting someone both at an informal level and more formally would be: -------------------Hello! How are you? To which the standard reply is: ---------------Very well, thank you. Or: -----------------Fine, thank you. After we have given this reply, we often repeat: (and) ---------------how are you? Or: (and) -------------------------what about you? The response is still the same:----------------------------- Fine, thanks.
At the most informal level, among friends and particulary among young people, the most common greeting would probably be: Hi! To which the response is: Hi! This might then be followed by one of the following: ----------------How are things?,------------ How's things?, -------------How's it going? To which the answer is probably: ----------------Yeah, fine! Or with typical British understatement: ----------------Yeah, not so bad!
Special greetings:
“Happy Christmas” /ˈhæpɪ/ /ˈkrɪsməs/ or “Merry Christmas” /ˈmerɪ/ /ˈkrɪsməs/
--------------------“Happy New Year!”/ˈhæpɪ/ /njuː/ /ˈjɪəʳ/
“Good luck” /gʊd/ /lʌk/
“Congratulations” /kənˌgrætjʊˈleɪʃənz/ or “well done!” /wel/ /dʌn/
“Get well soon” /get/ /wel/ /suːn/
Good morning!
/gʊd/ /ˈmɔːnɪŋ/
Good afternoon!
/gʊd/ /ˈɑːftəˈnuːn/
Good evening!
/gʊd/ /ˈiːvnɪŋ/
Good bye! /gʊd/ /baɪ/
Good night!
/gʊd/ /naɪt/
GREETING A PERSON YOU HAVEN'T SEEN FOR A LONG TIME
FORMAL
What have you been up to all these years? /wɒt/ /hæv/ /juː/ /biːn/ /ʌp/ /tuː/ /ɔːl/ /ðiːz/ /ˈjɪəʳs/
It's always a pleasure to see you. /ɪts/ /ˈɔːlweɪz/ /n/ /ˈpleʒəʳ/ /tuː/ /siː/ /juː/
How long has it been? /haʊ/ /lɒŋ/ /hæz/ /ɪt/ /biːn/
INFORMAL
avalible: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qxz5NaCcEC4
FORMAL GOODBYES
--------------Goodbye. /gʊd/ /baɪ/
“Goodbye” itself is actually one of the most formay ways to say goodbye to someone. Here are some situations in which “Goodbye” is appropriate:
You have broken upa with your partner. You are sad about it. You think that you may never see this person again.
You are angry with a family member. You say this as you slam the doos or hang up the phone.
-------------Have a good day. /hæv/ /n/ /gʊd/ /deɪ/
Say “have a good day” (or “have a nice day”, “have a good evening” or “have a good night”) to someone that you're not very close with, like a coworker that you don't know well, an employee, a customer, or a friend of a friend.
Take care. /teɪk/ /kɛəʳ/
This phrase is still a little bit form, but not quite as formal as “Have a good day”. Use this when you're not going to see someone again for at least a week.
---------------Bye! /baɪ/
Bye is the most common way to say goodbye in English. You can say “Bye” to anyone you know, from friends to coworkers to clients. It's common to say “Bye” at the very end of a conversation, even after you've said some of the other phrases in this list.
A: see you later.
B: OK, have a good one.
A: you too. Bye.
B. Bye.
-------------Bye bye! /baɪ/ /baɪ/
Little children say “Bye Bye”, and adults say it when speaking to children. Whe adults use “bye bye with each other, it can either sound childish or sometimes flirtatious.
Later! /ˈleɪtəʳ/
Later is a cool, casual way to say goodybye. Men often use “Later!” when speaking with each other. You often follow “Later! With something like “man”, “bro”, “dude” or “dear”.
-------------See you later. /siː/ /juː/ /ˈleɪtəʳ/ / Talk to you later. /tɔːk/ /tuː/ /juː/ /ˈleɪtəʳ/
“See you later is not quite as casual as “Later”!. You can use it with almost anyone. You say “See you later” when you are saying goodbye to someone in person. When you're talking to someone on the phone, you can say “Talk to you later” instead.
--------------Have a good one. /hæv/ /n/ /gʊd/ /wʌn/
“Have a good one” means “have a good day” or have a good week”. You sound relaxed and friendly when you use it.
SLANG GOODBYES
Catch you later. /kætʃ/ /juː/ /ˈleɪtəʳ/
This is a variation on “see you later” that you might use if you want to seem super-casual. You might imagine a surfer using this phrase.
I'm out! /aɪm/ /aʊt/
It is connected with hip-hop. It's something that you can say when you're glad to be leaving. For example, you might say “I'm out!” to your coworkers as you're leaving your part time job for the day.
Smell you later. /smel/ /juː/ /ˈleɪtəʳ/
This is a silly variation on “catch you later”. It's the kind of thing that a silly uncle might say to his neices and nephews.
GREETING
EXAMPLE CONVERSATIONS
Conversation 1
Person A: “Hi, my name is Caroline. It's nice to meet you”
Person B: “I'm Charlie. It's a pleasure to meet you, Caroline.”
Conversation 2
Person A: “Hey John, how have you been?
Person B: “ What a surprise. I haven't seen you in a long time. How have you been?”
Person A: “I'm doing very well. How about you?”
Person B: “I finally have some free time. I just finished taking a big examination, and I'm so relieved that I'm done with it.”
QUESTION:
How come I never see you?
Quiere decir: